Specific Research on Wellmune WGP

Study 2004 (1). Effect of Wellmune wgp given per os (PO) on the immune system of healthy human volunteers: An open-label study.

Study 2004 (2). Effect of Wellmune wgp on Healthy Volunteers. Final Report on the Wellmune wgp rhinovirus study: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Study 2005. Healthy human volunteers do not generate a cytokine response to orally consumed Wellmune: A single-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Study 2006. A Proprietary Beta-Glucan Supplement (Wellmune wgp) and the Incidence, Duration and Severity of Respiratory Infections in a Healthy Community-based Population: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Selected Research on 1-3, 1-6 beta glucans in general

Jung K, Ha Y, Ha SK, Han DU, Kim DW, Moon WK, Chae C. Antiviral effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae beta-glucan to swine influenza virus by increased production of interferon-gamma and nitric oxide. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health. Mar;51(2):72-6, 2004  

Patchen ML. Radioprotective effect of oral administration of beta-1,3-glucan. Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda , MD Research Report, 1989.

Kournikakis B, Mandeville R, Brousseau P, Ostroff G. Anthrax-protective effects of yeast beta 1,3 glucans. MedGenMed. 2003 Mar 21;5(1):1

de Felippe JJ, da Rocha-Silva FM, Maciel FM, Soares A de M, Mendes NF. Infection prevention in patients with severe multiple trauma with the immunomodulator beta 1-3 polyglucose (glucan). Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics 177(4): 383-388; 1993.

Di Luzio NR, Williams DL. The role of glucan in the prevention and modification of microparasitic diseases. In: Assessments of chemical regulation of immunity in veterinary medicine. Gainer JH, ed. NY: Scientific, Medical and Scholarly Pub., 1983

Onderdonk AB, Cisneros RL, Hinkson P, Ostroff G. Anti-infective effect of poly-beta-1,6-glucotriosyl-beta 1,3glucapyranose glucan in vivo. Infection & Immunity 60:1642-1647, 1992  

Czop JK, Valiante NM, Janusz MJ. Phagocytosis of particulate activators of the human alternative complement pathway through monocyte beta-glucan receptors, Prog Clin Biol Res 297:287-96, 1989.

Hunter KW, Gault RA, Berner MD. Preparation of microparticulate beta-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for use in immune potentiation, Lett Appl Microbiol. 35(4):267-71, 2002.

Vetvicka V, Terayama K, Ostroff G et al. Orally-administered Yeast B1,3-glucan prophylactically protects against anthrax infection and cancer in mice.J of the Amer Nutraceutical Assc. 5(2): 1-20; Spring 2002.

Leibovich SJ, Danon D. Promotion of wound repair in mice by application of glucan. J Reticuloendothelial Soc 1980; 27: 1-11.

Rasmussen, LT and Seljelid, R. Novel Immunomodulators With Pronounced In Vitro Effects Caused by Stimulation of Cytokine Release, J Cell Biochem; 46:60-68. 1991. Quote: "Beta-1, 3-D-polyglucose derivatives protect mice against otherwise lethal bacterial infections." 

Tsikitis, V. L., J. E. Albina and J. S. Reichner. 2004.  ß-glucan affects leukocyte navigation in a complex chemotactic gradient Surgery;136:384-389.

Hong, F., Yun, J. Baran J.T., Allendorf, D.J., Hansen, R. D. Ostroff, G.R., Xing, P.X., Cheung, N. V. and Ross, G. D.  2004.  Mechanism by which orally administered b-1,3 gluco polysaccharides enhance the tumoricidal activity of antitumor monoclonal antibodies in murine tumor models.  J. Immunol. 173:797-806.

Lavigne L. M., J. E. Albina and J. S. Reichner. 2006. ß -Glucan Is a Fungal Determinant for Adhesion-Dependent Human Neutrophil Functions. J. Immunol. 177:8667-8675. 

Mansell PW, Ichinose H, Reed RJ, Krementz ET, McNamee R, Di Luzio NR. Macrophage-mediated destruction of human malignant cells in vivo. J Natl Cancer Inst Mar;54(3):571-80, 1975  

Czop JK, Austen KF. A b-glucan inhibitable receptor on human monocytes: its identity with the phagocytic receptor for particulate activators of the alternative complement pathway. J Immunol 134: 2588-2593, 1985

Vetvicka V, Terayama K, Mandeville R, Brousseau P, Kournikakis B, Ostroff G. Pilot Study:Orally-Administered Yeast Beta1,3-glucan Prophylactically Protects Against Anthrax Infection and Cancer in Mice; J Am Nutraceutical Assocn 5:1-5, 2002

Rasmussen, LT, Konopski Z, Oian P, Seljelid R. Killing of Escherichia coli by mononuclear phagocytes and neutrophils stimulated in vitro with beta-1, 3-D-polyglucose derivatives. Microbiol Immunol 36(11):1173-1188. 1992.  

Rasmussen, LT and Seljelid, R. Novel Immunomodulators With Pronounced In Vitro Effects Caused by Stimulation of Cytokine Release, J Cell Biochem; 46:60-68. 1991.  

Rasmussen LT, Seljelid R. Dynamics of blood components and peritoneal fluid during treatment of murine E. coli sepsis with beta-1, 3-D-polyglucose derivatives. I: Cells. Scand J Immunol 32(4): 321-331. 1990.  

Patchen ML, D'Alesandro MM, Brook I, Blakely WF, McVittie TJ: Glucan: mechanisms involved in its "radioprotective" effect. J Leuc Biol 42: 95-105, 1987  

Patchen ML, McVittie TJ: Stimulated hemopoesis and enhanced survival following glucan treatment in sublethally and lethally irradiated mice. Int J Immunopharmac 7: 923-932, 1985